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France

France

Disarmament

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France acceded to the NPT on 2 August 1992, but indicated that it respected the prescription of the Treaty since its adoption in 1968.

    It officially supported multilateral declarations promoting the achievement of a world without nuclear weapons in July 2009 (G8 statement).

    At the national level, French President François Hollande endorsed this objective in 2015, with a caveat: “I therefore share the long-term goal of a total elimination of nuclear weapons, but, I would add, only when the strategic context allows.”

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    In the National Strategic Review of 2025, France reiterated its full support for the NPT and indicated that it will continue to work in favour of the centrality of the NPT in the nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament international architecture.

    In official speeches and reports published between 2021 and 2025, France expresses its supports for the promotion of a realistic and progressive approach of nuclear disarmament. It indicated in 2025 at the Conference on Disarmament that it is fully committed to the creation of the conditions for a world free of nuclear weapons.

    Sources

    French Government. Plan de maîtrise des armements et de désarmement présenté par la présidence de la République. [Arms control and disarmament plan presented by the Presidency of the Republic] 3 June 1991. https://www.vie-publique.fr/discours/128712-plan-de-maitrise-des-armements-et-de-desarmement-presente-par-la-preside

    G8. L’Aquila Statement on Non-Proliferation. (L’Aquila: 2009). https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2009/statement.pdf

    François Hollande. Speech By The President Of The French Republic On The Nuclear Deterrent, Istres), 19 February 2015. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/IMG/pdf/discours_pr_istres_anglais_19_02_15.pdf?870/3a785803c99292ba08e5a27936d6ccf2ad4a7dfe

    SGDSN. Revue Nationale Stratégique 2025 [National Strategic Review] (Paris: 2025), https://www.sgdsn.gouv.fr/files/2025-08/20250713_NP_SGDSN_Actualisation_2025_RNS_FR.pdf

    Statement by France. Conference on Disarmament – Fourth statement by Ambassador Camille Petit in Subsidiary Body 1 [Legal framework and other legal instruments related to advancing the nuclear disarmament process] (Geneva), 27 May 2025. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-on-Disarmament-Fourth-statement-by-Ambassador-Camille-Petit-in

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France has completed three disarmament steps in an irreversible manner: the dismantlement of its ground-based arsenal (Plateau d'Albion, achieved in 1998), the dismantlement of its nuclear test site in French Polynesia (1998) and the dismantlement of the facilities producing weapon-related fissile material (irreversible dismantlement completed in 2009).

    Several international visits have been organised on the sites, especially of Marcoule and Pierrelatte.

    French civilian nuclear sites are submitted to IAEA inspections since 1981 as part of its non-proliferation obligations and under the safeguards agreement concluded with the Agency.

    France has supported the principle of transparency regarding its treaty obligations and has reported the implementation of its NPT obligation as part of its commitments under the 2010 Plan of Action. Prior to that date, it started to report its achievements and policies in the field of disarmament, non-proliferation and peaceful uses under the 2000 Action Plan.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France has kept implementing the aforementioned measures and has prepared a new national report for the 2025 Review Conference.

    Sources

    Working paper submitted by France. Dismantling of plants for the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. NPT/CONF.2010/WP.37 (New York), 12 April 2010, https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/npt/revcon2010/documents/WP37.pdf

    Working paper submitted by France. Dismantling of the Pacific Testing Centre, NPT/CONF.2010/WP.36 (New York), 12 April 2010, https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/npt/revcon2010/documents/WP36.pdf

    François Hollande. Speech By The President Of The French Republic On The Nuclear Deterrent, Istres, 19 February 2015. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/IMG/pdf/discours_pr_istres_anglais_19_02_15.pdf?870/3a785803c99292ba08e5a27936d6ccf2ad4a7dfe

    International Atomic Energy Agency. The Text of the Agreement of 27 July 1978 between France, the European Atomic Energy Community and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in France. INFCIRC/290. December 1981. https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1981/infcirc290.pdf

    Working paper submitted by France. France’s action against proliferation. NPT/CONF.2010/WP.32 (New York), 14 April 2010. https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/npt/revcon2010/documents/WP32.pdf

    Working paper submitted by France, Nuclear disarmament: France’s practical commitment. NPT/CONF.2010/WP.33. (New York), 14 April 2010, https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/npt/revcon2010/documents/WP33.pdf

    Working paper submitted by France. Responsible development of nuclear energy: initiatives by France. NPT/CONF.2010/WP.34. (New York), 14 April 2010, https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/npt/revcon2010/documents/WP34.pdf

    National report submitted by France. National report pursuant to actions 5, 20 and 21 of the final document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: 2015–2022. NPT/CONF.2020/42. (New York), 20 December 2021. https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2020/42

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France retired its ground-based nuclear missiles Pluton in 1991 and dismantled the Hades weapon system in 1997. The ground-based component was fully dismantled in 1998.

    In 1998, France reduced the number of ballistic missile submarines from 6 to 4.

    In 2008, it reduced the number of squadrons affected to the nuclear mission from three to two (Strategic Air Forces), which was effective in 2013.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    No specific additional action has been undertaken between 2022 and 2026

    Sources

    National report submitted by France. National report pursuant to actions 5, 20 and 21 of the final document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: 2015–2022. NPT/CONF.2020/42. (New York), 20 December 2021. https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2020/42

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    N/A

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    N/A

    Sources

    N/A

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    (a) France has reduced its arsenal by a third since the end of the Cold War, with in particular the complete elimination of its ground-based forces which was completed in 1998, the downsizing by a third of the sea-based nuclear deterrent (from 6 ballistic nuclear submarines to four) and of the strategic air forces (from 3 squadrons dedicated to the nuclear mission to 2).

    (b) France does not hold nuclear weapons in reserve. Disarmament measures have applied to the three different types of nuclear weapons and delivery vehicles produced by France.

    (c) France reiterated its conception of nuclear deterrence, which is strictly defensive, applicable only in extreme circumstances of self-defence and is based on the principle of strict sufficiency

    (d) In his speech on nuclear matters, President Emmanuel Macron emphasised the role of France to promote work on strategic risk reduction, which aims at decreasing the risk of nuclear use. France has been promoting some of these measures as part of the P5 process (France took the lead on this issue within the P5) and within different groupings, but also by itself.

    (e) France reduced the permanent alert level of its nuclear forces twice, in 1992 and 1996. These reductions were in both the response times of forces and the number of weapons systems on alert. Specifically, since 1996, France has kept only one nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine permanently at sea and in 1997, France announced that all of its nuclear forces had been de-targeted. Since then, France has consistently reaffirmed that “[its] nuclear forces are not directed against any country”.

    (f) The French legislation includes the notion of 'governmental control', which aims in part to make it impossible that any nuclear weapons may be used without a formal order from the French President.

    (g) Among transparency and confidence-building measures, France lists the publication of its nuclear doctrine, through presidential speeches and in various forums and documents, the information relating to the number of nuclear weapons possessed, the pre-launch notification of ballistic missile tests and space launches through the Hague Code of Conduct against the proliferation of ballistic missiles (HCoC) and the publication of budgetary information regarding the nuclear weapon investments. In 2022, it presided over the adoption of the P5 statement according to which "a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought."

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    (a) No new reduction since 2022.

    (b) Policy is unchanged on that matter since 2022, France does not hold any nuclear weapons in reserve and regard all nuclear weapons as strategic.

    (c) The role of nuclear deterrence in France security policy has not changed since 2022.

    (d) France has continued to discuss about strategic risk reduction as part of the P5, CEND, and in other forums. It repeated regularly its commitment to the adoption of concrete measures in its realm.

    (e) No change of policy since 2022.

    (f) No change of policy since 2022.

    (g) France has kept pre-notifying its ballistic missile tests and space launches through the HCoC, and organised a visit of its space launch site in Kourou in December 2022. In November 2022, France committed not to test debris-creating anti-satellite missiles.

    Sources

    National report submitted by France. National report pursuant to actions 5, 20 and 21 of the final document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: 2015–2022. NPT/CONF.2020/42. (New York), 20 December 2021. https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2020/42

    Working paper submitted by China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America. Strategic risk reduction. NPT/CONF.2020/WP.33. (New York), 7 December 2021, https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/npt/revcon2022/documents/WP33.pdf

    2019 G7 Statement on Non-Proliferation and Disarmament. (Dinard and Saint Malo), 6 April 2019. https://www.elysee.fr/admin/upload/default/0001/05/2ffa826926cd72354b90a05f7de765bfcc9908b6.pdf

    Emmanuel Macron. Speech of the President of the Republic on the Defense and Deterrence Strategy. (Paris), 7 February 2020. https://www.elysee.fr/en/emmanuel-macron/2020/02/07/speech-of-the-president-of-the-republic-on-the-defense-and-deterrence-strategy

    France Diplomacy. Nuclear disarmament. Accessed 22 September 2025. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/french-foreign-policy/security-disarmament-and-non-proliferation/disarmament-and-non-proliferation/treaty-on-the-non-proliferation-of-nuclear-weapons/nuclear-disarmament/

    Code de la Défense [Defence Code]. Article R*1411-8. https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/section_lc/LEGITEXT000006071307/LEGISCTA000006182875/

    France Diplomacy. Joint Statement of the Leaders of the Five Nuclear-Weapon States On Preventing Nuclear War and Avoiding Arms Races (Paris), 3 January 2022, https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/french-foreign-policy/security-disarmament-and-non-proliferation/news/2022/article/joint-statement-of-the-leaders-of-the-five-nuclear-weapon-states-on-preventing

    Statement by France. Conference on Disarmament – Statement by Camille PETIT, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the Conference on Disarmament (Geneva), 23 March 2023, https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-on-Disarmament-Statement-by-Camille-PETIT-Ambassador-Permanent-2227

    European Union. Annual Progress Report on the Implementation of the European Union Strategy against the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction. 2022. C/2023/383. 20 October 2023, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52023XG00383

    France Diplomacy. Spatial – Engagement de la France à ne pas conduire d’essais de missiles antisatellites destructifs à ascension directe. [Spatial – France's commitment not to conduct destructive direct-ascent anti-satellite missile tests] 29 November 2022, https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/politique-etrangere-de-la-france/securite-desarmement-et-non-proliferation/actualites-et-evenements-lies-a-la-securite-au-desarmement-et-a-la-non/2022/article/spatial-engagement-de-la-france-a-ne-pas-conduire-d-essais-de-missiles

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France expressed its support for the creation of subsidiary bodies, including one to deal with nuclear disarmament, in 2022.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France expressed its support for the adoption of a programme of work for the Conference on Disarmament in 2024 (renewed in 2025) and the creation of subsidiary bodies, including one to deal with nuclear disarmament, in 2024 and 2025.

    Sources

    Statement by France. Conference on Disarmament – Statement by Ambassador Yann Hwang on subsidiary bodies (Geneva), 9 March 2022. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-on-Disarmament-Statement-by-Ambassador-Yann-HWANG-on-subsidiary

    Statement by France. Conference on Disarmement – Subsidiary organ 1 [disarmament] – Statement by the Ambassador M. Yann Hwang (Geneva), 15 March 2022. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-on-Disarmement-Subsidiary-organ-1-disarmament-Statement-by-the

    Statement by France. Conference on disarmament – Statement by Ambassador Camille Petit on the adoption of a programme of work for the Conference (Geneva), 13 June 2024. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-on-disarmament-Statement-by-Ambassador-Camille-PETIT-on-the-adoption

    Statement by France. Conference on Disarmament – Statement by Ambassador Camille Petit on the cessation of the nuclear arms race (Geneva), 25 June 2024. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-on-Disarmament-Statement-by-Ambassador-Camille-Petit-on-the-2346

    Statement by France. Conference on Disarmament – Second statement by Ambassador Camille Petit in Subsidiary Body 1 [Nuclear Disarmament] (Geneva), 11 March 2025. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-on-Disarmament-Statement-by-Ambassador-Camille-Petit-in-Subsidiary

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France expressed its support for the adoption of a programme of work in 2009 which included the item "Effective international arrangements to assure non-nuclear-weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons".

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France expressed its support for the adoption of a programme of work in 2024 (renewed in 2025) which included the item "Effective international arrangements to assure non-nuclear-weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons".

    Sources

    Statement by France. Unofficial transcript, France, Ambassador Eric Danon (Geneva), 26 May 2009. https://www.reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/cd/2009/statements/2session/26May_France.pdf

    Conference on disarmament – Statement by Ambassador Camille Petit on the adoption of a programme of work for the Conference (Geneva), 13 June 2024. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-on-disarmament-Statement-by-Ambassador-Camille-PETIT-on-the-adoption

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    Since 1982, France has provided negative security assurances to more than 100 non-nuclear-weapon states that comply with their non-proliferation obligations. This commitment by France, as well as by other nuclear-weapon states, is enshrined in Resolution 984 adopted by the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) in 1995, which was reiterated in UNSC Resolution 1887 (2009) and Resolution 2310 (2016). In 2015, the negative assurances given by France to non-nuclear-weapon states were repeated by the President of the Republic, who recognised that these were ‘legitimate’ expectations.

      • n 4 August 2022, the United States, France and the United Kingdom published a joint statement at the NPT Review Conference reiterating their commitment to security assurances for non-nuclear-weapon states.
        France specifies that its negative security assurances apply to countries that comply with their non-proliferation obligations and does not affect its right of legitimate self-defence as recognised by the UN Charter.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France has continued to uphold its negative security guarantees as stated in previous statements.

    Sources

    State Department. P3 Joint Statement on Security Assurances, Joint Statement. Bureau Of International Security And Nonproliferation. Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference (New York,) 4 August 2022. https://2021-2025.state.gov/p3-joint-statement-on-security-assurances/#:~:text=France%2C%20the%20United%20Kingdom%2C%20and,NPT)%20to%20receive%20security%20assurances.

    Statement by France. Conference on Disarmament – Statement by Ambassador Camille Petit in Subsidiary Body 4 [Review of existing safeguards, including their effectiveness, and the role and significance of nuclear-weapon-free zones] (Geneva), 13 May 2025, https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-on-Disarmament-Statement-by-Ambassador-Camille-Petit-in-Subsidiary-2479

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France is a party to four protocols of the treaties establishing NWFZs. In addition to the Antarctic Treaty of 1959 (which provides for complete demilitarisation), France is a party to the protocols of the Treaty of Tlatelolco (ratified in 1974 and 1992), the Treaty of Rarotonga (ratified in 1996), the Treaty of Pelindaba (ratified in 1996) and the Treaty of Semipalatinsk (joined in 2014) establishing nuclear-weapon-free zones in Latin America and the Caribbean, the Pacific, Africa and Central Asia, respectively. France also recognised Mongolia's status as a nuclear-weapon-free zone in 2012.

    France expressed its support for the project of a WMD free zone in the Middle East. France participated, as an observer state, in the first three Conferences (2019, 2021, and 2022) on the establishment of a zone free of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery in the Middle East, which have been held in New York since 2019 pursuant to United Nations General Assembly Resolution 73/546.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France supported UNGA Resolution A/RES/78/39, on the Treaty on a nuclear free zone in Southeast Asia (Bangkok Treaty) and indicates that it continues to discuss with ASEAN member states to find an acceptable solution enabling the signature of the protocol of the Bangkok Treaty.

    Regarding the project of a WMD free-zone in the Middle East, France took part to the 4th (2023) and 5th (2024) Conference on the Establishment of a Middle East Zone Free of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction.

    France also supports and contributes to the European Union's efforts to achieve this objective, notably through EU Council Decision of 26 June 2023, which allocated a budget of nearly €2.1 million to promote trust and dialogue. France also supports the work of the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR), which aims at promoting inclusive dialogue between experts and policy makers on this issue.

    Sources

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France definitively ended testing nuclear weapons in 1996. It signed the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) on 24 September 1996 and ratified it on 6 April 1998.

    France expressed its support to efforts to universalise the CTBT, in particular among the Annex 2 States. Entry into force is a priority of its nuclear disarmament policy which has been recalled at the highest level (President Macron in 2020).

    Its support is also materialised through EU work in support of the CTBTO. This support was formalised in Council Decision 2018/298 of February 2018.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France has continued to support politically the objective of the entry into force of the CTBT and to speak in favour of its universalisation.

    In 2023, it issued a statement regretting Russia's decision to "de-ratify" the CTBT.

    Sources

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2

    Emmanuel Macron. Speech of the President of the Republic on the Defense and Deterrence Strategy. (Paris), 7 February 2020. https://www.elysee.fr/en/emmanuel-macron/2020/02/07/speech-of-the-president-of-the-republic-on-the-defense-and-deterrence-strategy

    France Diplomacy. Traité sur l’interdiction complète des essais nucléaires (TICE) – La France déplore la décision de la Russie de révoquer sa ratification du traité. [Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) – France deplores Russia's decision to revoke its ratification of the treaty] 2 November 2023. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/politique-etrangere-de-la-france/securite-desarmement-et-non-proliferation/actualites-et-evenements-lies-a-la-securite-au-desarmement-et-a-la-non/2023/article/traite-sur-l-interdiction-complete-des-essais-nucleaires-tice-la-france-deplore

    France Diplomacy. Draft Joint Statement by France and the United Kingdom, on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of their ratification of the CTBT. 6 April 2023. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files/united-kingdom/news/article/draft-joint-statement-by-france-and-the-united-kingdom-on-the-occasion-of-the

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France definitively ended its nuclear testing in 1996 and dismantled in an irreversible manner its nuclear testing facilities in French Polynesia.

    France built simulation capacities which are it presents as a sustainable substitute to nuclear testing to ensure the safety and reliability of its nuclear arsenal, without resorting to nuclear testing.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France has continued to refrain from nuclear-weapon testing and to use and develop its simulation programme.

    Sources

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France has participated to all the conferences on facilitating the entry into force of the CTBT organised from 2003 to 2022 and presented in each its measures taken to promote the entry into force of the Treaty, including working papers, side-events and support to the International Monitoring System (IMS).

    It reported to the 2011 Conference the work done to promote entry into force as co-president of the Conference with Morocco. During this co-chairmanship, five new states ratified the CTBT.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France has participated to the conferences on facilitating the entry into force of the CTBT organised in 2023 and 2025 and presented in each its measures taken to promote the entry into force of the Treaty, including working papers, side-events and support to the International Monitoring System (IMS).

    Sources

    CTBTO. Activities Undertaken by Signatory and Ratifying States Under Measure (L) of the Final Declaration of the 2025 Conference on Facilitating the Entry into Force of the Treaty in the Period June 2023 – May 2025. CTBT-Art.XIV/2025/4. May 2025. https://www.ctbto.org/sites/default/files/2025-09/CTBT-Art.XIV-2025-4.pdf

    CTBTO. Présentation du rapport des coprésidences française et marocaine [Presentation of the report by the French and Moroccan co-chairs] (2009 -2011). 23 September 2011. https://www.ctbto.org/sites/default/files/2022-07/france_fr_2011.pdf

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France has called for the universalisation of the CTBT at the highest level and in various forums, including at the Presidential level.

    At the Article XIV Conference of the CTBT, the objective of entry into force has been recalled, including through ministerial statements.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    The United Kingdom and France issued a joint statement on 25th Anniversary of their ratification of the CTBT. France deplored Russia's decision to "de-ratify" the CTBT.

    Sources

    Emmanuel Macron. Speech of the President of the Republic on the Defense and Deterrence Strategy. (Paris), 7 February 2020. https://www.elysee.fr/en/emmanuel-macron/2020/02/07/speech-of-the-president-of-the-republic-on-the-defense-and-deterrence-strategy

    France Diplomacy. Jean-Yves Le Drian calls on States to sign the Comprehensive Nuclear‑Test‑Ban Treaty (New York), 23 September 2021. https://onu.delegfrance.org/jean-yves-le-drian-calls-on-states-to-sign-the-comprehensive-nuclear-test-ban

    France Diplomacy. Draft Joint Statement by France and the United Kingdom, on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of their ratification of the CTBT. 6 April 2023. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files/united-kingdom/news/article/draft-joint-statement-by-france-and-the-united-kingdom-on-the-occasion-of-the

    France Diplomacy. Traité sur l’interdiction complète des essais nucléaires (TICE) – La France déplore la décision de la Russie de révoquer sa ratification du traité. [Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) – France deplores Russia's decision to revoke its ratification of the treaty] 2 November 2023. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/politique-etrangere-de-la-france/securite-desarmement-et-non-proliferation/actualites-et-evenements-lies-a-la-securite-au-desarmement-et-a-la-non/2023/article/traite-sur-l-interdiction-complete-des-essais-nucleaires-tice-la-france-deplore

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France has been tasked with the deployment and operation of 16 stations of the International Monitoring System (IMS) on its territory and provides technical assistance for the operation and maintenance of eight stations abroad. It also operates a radionuclide measurement laboratory certified by the CTBTO. The last station under French responsibility, in Guadeloupe, was completed and became operational on 5 December 2019, allowing France to become the first NWS to have completed its contribution to the IMS.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France has published working papers supporting the International Monitoring System (IMS) and organised a side-event during the 2025 NPT Preparatory Committee, in New York, entitled "Supporting the CTBTO International Monitoring System: a unique tool for the Treaty verification regime and the scientific and civil applications"

    Sources

    Working Paper. Sustaining the International Monitoring System of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test -Ban -Treaty Organization: a critical step for the credibility of compliance with the nuclear test moratorium and the services the System provides to the whole international community. NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/WP.38 (New York), 9 May 2025. https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/WP.38

    CTBTO. Activities Undertaken by Signatory and Ratifying States Under Measure (L) of the Final Declaration of the 2025 Conference on Facilitating the Entry into Force of the Treaty in the Period June 2023 – May 2025. CTBT-Art.XIV/2025/4. May 2025. https://www.ctbto.org/sites/default/files/2025-09/CTBT-Art.XIV-2025-4.pdf

    Working Paper. France and the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: an exemplary nuclear-weapon State supporting a unique tool in the disarmament and non-proliferation architecture. NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/WP.10. 4 March 2025. https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/WP.10

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France has expressed its full support for the beginning of negotiation on a treaty banning the production of fissile material for use in nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices in accordance with the report of the Special Coordinator of 1995 (CD/1299).

    France proposed a draft treaty at the NPT Review Conference in 2015.

    It participated in the Group of Governmental Experts (GGE) on the FMCT in 2014-2015, the High-Level Preparatory Group (HLPG) in 2017-2018, and the Subsidiary Body for the Prevention of Nuclear War at the Conference on Disarmament.

    Through the European Union, France supports Action 7 of the United Nations Secretary-General's Agenda for Disarmament, which calls for ‘the early opening and conclusion of negotiations on a treaty banning the production of fissile material for weapons and other nuclear explosive devices' (Council Decision 2017/2284). This project allowed for the organisation of workshops and discussion on a potential FMCT in the African, the Asia-Pacific and the Latin America and Caribbean regions.

    France also supports the FMCT in the P5 context. At the highest level, President Macron supported the opening of negotiation on the FMCT as one of the four French priorities with regards to disarmament.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    At the Conference for Disarmament, France expressed its support for the opening of negotiation on a FMCT Treaty in various allocutions, in particular within Subsidiary organ 2 [prevention of nuclear war, including all related matters]. The objectives of the Treaty and the process supported by France was recalled in particular in interventions in 2023, 2024 and 2025.

    Sources

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2

    Emmanuel Macron. Speech of the President of the Republic on the Defense and Deterrence Strategy. (Paris), 7 February 2020. https://www.elysee.fr/en/emmanuel-macron/2020/02/07/speech-of-the-president-of-the-republic-on-the-defense-and-deterrence-strategy

    Conference on Disarmament. Draft Treaty Banning the Production of Fissile Material for Nuclear Weapons or Other Nuclear Explosive Devices Submitted by France. 9 April 2015. https://fissilematerials.org/library/france15e.pdf

    Statement by France. Conference on Disarmament – Subsidiary organ 2 [prevention of nuclear war, including all related matters] – Statement by the Ambassador, M. Yann Hwang (Geneva), 17 March 2022. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-on-Disarmament-Subsidiary-organ-2-prevention-of-nuclear-war

    Statement by France. Conference on Disarmament – Speech of the French Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs Ms Catherine Colonna (Geneva), 27 February 2023. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-du-desarmement-Intervention-de-la-ministre-de-l-Europe-et-des

    Statement by France. Conference on disarmament – Statement by Deputy Permanent Representative Alizée Semon on the prevention of nuclear war (item 2 of the CD agenda) (Geneva), 12 March 2024. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-du-desarmement-Intervention-de-la-Representante-permanente-adjointe

    Statement by France. Conference on Disarmament – Fourth statement by Deputy Permanent Representative Alizée Semon in Subsidiary Body 2 [Prevention of nuclear war: legally binding instruments, including technical and institutional aspects] (Geneva), 3 June 2025. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-du-desarmement-Quatrieme-intervention-du-Representant-permanent

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France indicated that it has no fissile material in excess of its defence requirements. Civilian fissile material is under the safeguards of the IAEA.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France indicated that it has no fissile material in excess of its defence requirements. Civilian fissile material is under the safeguards of the IAEA.

    Sources

    Working paper submitted by France. Nuclear disarmament: France’s concrete commitment Implementation by France of the “13 Practical Steps” contained in the 2000 Review Conference Final Document. NPT Review Conference (New York, 3-28 May 2010). May 2010. https://onu.delegfrance.org/IMG/pdf_Nuclear_Disarmament_-_13_Practical_Steps_of_2000.pdf

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France has not communicated on the implementation of this action.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France has not communicated on the implementation of this action.

    Sources

    France has not communicated on the implementation of this action.

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France stopped the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons in 1992 (plutonium) and 1996 (highly enriched uranium). It proceeded to the dismantlement of the facilities producing weapon-related fissile material. This dismantlement became irreversible in the 2000s.

    Several visits have been organised on the sites of Marcoule and Pierrelatte for diplomats and media (2008 and 2009).

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France continues to work on the technical dismantlement of the last reactors of Marcoule and to clean up the zone of the former facility.

    Sources

    Working paper submitted by France. Dismantling of plants for the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. NPT/CONF.2010/WP.37. 12 April 2010. https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/npt/revcon2010/documents/WP37.pdf

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    President Macron listed the verification of nuclear disarmament as one of the four priorities of France regarding nuclear disarmament in 2020.

    France has taken part to the work of the IPNDV on this issue.

    It partnered with Germany in 2019 and 2022 to organise a practical exercise on nuclear disarmament verification (NuDiVe).

    It supported UNGA resolutions creating Groups of Governmental Experts on this issue and took part in the work of the GGEs.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France took part in the 2nd GGE on nuclear disarmament verification that handed its report in June 2023.

    It voted in favour of the UNGA resolution 79/240 creating a Group of Scientific and Technical Experts on Nuclear Disarmament Verification in December 2024.

    Sources

    Emmanuel Macron. Speech of the President of the Republic on the Defense and Deterrence Strategy. (Paris), 7 February 2020. https://www.elysee.fr/en/emmanuel-macron/2020/02/07/speech-of-the-president-of-the-republic-on-the-defense-and-deterrence-strategy

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France submitted a national report in 2015 in anticipation of the 2015 Review Conference and in 2021 in anticipation of the 2022 Review Conference. This last report has been presented publicly and discussed in meetings with civil society representatives and nuclear and non-nuclear weapon states.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France submitted a national report in 2025 in anticipation of the 2026 Review Conference and plans to present it publicly and discuss it in meetings with civil society representatives and nuclear and non-nuclear weapon states.

    Sources

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. NPT/CONF.2015/10. 2015. https://www.reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/npt/revcon2015/national-reports/10.pdf

    National report submitted by France. National report pursuant to actions 5, 20 and 21 of the final document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: 2015–2022. NPT/CONF.2020/42. (New York), 20 December 2021. https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2020/42

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    In 2013, the P5 agreed on a common national reporting template.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France proposed in 2023 to plan a dedicated session during the Third Preparatory Committee to allow States Parties, and in particular nuclear-weapon States, to consult with and receive the views of other NPT States Parties and civil society ahead of the elaboration and submission of their national implementation reports.

    Sources

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2

    Working Paper presented by France. Working Group on Further strengthening the review process of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) Enhancing dialogue on national implementation reports. July 2023. https://docs-library.unoda.org/Treaty_on_the_Non-Proliferation_of_Nuclear_Weapons_-Working_group_on_further_strengthening_the_review_process_(2023)/13._WG_-_France_E.pdf

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France has been supporting UNGA resolutions on youth participation in disarmament and supports the UNODA Young Fellowship Programme.

    It has supported the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR) through votes at the UNGA and financial contributions.

    It expresses its support for research on disarmament at the national level (studies by think tank and academics), promoting the emergence of young researchers, and at the EU level, through the EU Consortium on Disarmament and Nonproliferation.

    France launched the idea of the creation of a P5 Young Professional Network in 2021.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France has supported the P5 Young Professional Network, funding the participation of French experts to the meetings.

    France has continued to support UNIDIR financially (354,000 euros in 2024), a contribution that was dedicated to the production of a study on how to revitalize the CD, the setting up of a portal on space security, the translation of research work into French and the launch a series of courses on disarmament in French for the French-speaking community.

    France continues to express its support for research on disarmament at the national level (studies by think tank and academics) and EU level, through the EU Consortium on Disarmament and Non-proliferation.

    Sources

    Statement by France. Conference on disarmament – Statement by Ambassador Camille PETIT on education and research in disarmament (Geneva), 6 June 2024. https://cd-geneve.delegfrance.org/Conference-on-disarmament-Statement-by-Ambassador-Camille-PETIT-on-education

Non-Proliferation

View non-proliferation actions for all countries

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    Sources

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France signed an additional protocol to its safeguards agreement with the IAEA in 1998, which came in force on 30 April 2004.

    France expressed its support for the universalisation of Additional Protocols. France is a member of the “Group of Friends of the Additional Protocol”.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France has continued its participation to the “Group of Friends of the Additional Protocol”.

    Sources

    IAEA. Protocol Additional to the Agreement between France, the European Atomic Energy Community and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in France. INFCIRC/290/Add.1. 24 February 2005. https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/infcircs/1981/infcirc290a1.pdf

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2

    France Diplomacy. Focuses of the fight against nuclear proliferation. Accessed on 25 September 2025. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/french-foreign-policy/security-disarmament-and-non-proliferation/disarmament-and-non-proliferation/treaty-on-the-non-proliferation-of-nuclear-weapons/focuses-of-the-fight-against-nuclear-proliferation/

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    Sources

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    Sources

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    Sources

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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Peaceful Uses

View peaceful uses actions for all countries

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    Sources

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    Previous to 2010, France had signed 19 bilateral nuclear cooperation agreements with third countries, including India (non party to the Treaty), and 6 as part of Euratom.

    From 2010 to 2022, France signed 5 bilateral additional nuclear cooperation agreements with third countries, all parties to the NPT, as well as 3 as part of Euratom.

    France maintains services both in Paris and embassies to promote nuclear cooperation.

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    France announced new nuclear cooperation agreements with NPT state parties (Netherlands in 2023, Bulgaria and Italy in 2024).

    Sources

    Accords France / Etats tiers pour l’utilisation de l’énergie nucléaire à des fins pacifiques (24), 22 May 2019, https://www.cte.gouv.fr/Documents/Liste%20des%20accords%20bilat%C3%A9raux%20France.pdf

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2

    EURATOM Technical Committee. Tableau des accords communautaires avec les États tiers concernant l’utilisation pacifique des matières et équipements nucléaires. [Table of Community agreements with third countries on the peaceful use of nuclear materials and equipment] 10 February 2010. https://www.cte.gouv.fr/Documents/Tableau%20des%20accords%20Euratom%20%C3%89tats%20tiers_FR_MC_2023.02.10.pdf

    Ministry of Economy, Finance, and Industrial and Digital Sovereignty. Signature par Bruno Le Maire et Rumen Radev d’une déclaration d’intention pour l’établissement d’une coopération bilatérale dans le domaine de l’énergie nucléaire. [Signing by Bruno Le Maire and Rumen Radev of a declaration of intent to establish bilateral cooperation in the field of nuclear energy] Press Release. 21 February 2024. https://presse.economie.gouv.fr/signature-par-bruno-le-maire-et-rumen-radev-dune-declaration-dintention-pour-letablissement-dune-cooperation-bilaterale-dans-le-domaine-de-lenergie-nucleaire/

    Ministry of Economy, Finance, and Industrial and Digital Sovereignty. La France et les Pays-Bas signent un pacte pour l'innovation et la croissance durable. [France and the Netherlands sign a pact for innovation and sustainable growth] Press Release. 13 April 2023. https://presse.economie.gouv.fr/13042023-la-france-et-les-pays-bas-signent-un-pacte-pour-linnovation-et-la-croissance-durable/

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    France states its full support for the activities of the IAEA Department of Nuclear Energy, which takes in particular the form of contributing expertise and financial resources. It has supported the IAEA technical cooperation programme through participation of its experts to activities and extra-budgetary contributions (around 4.7 million euros in 2022).

    As part of the Technical Cooperation Programme, France welcomes around 30 trainees and 30 visiting scientists selected by the IAEA from partner institutes and industries, mostly coming from French-speaking Africa and Southeast Asia (Cambodia and Vietnam).

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

    In 2024, French contributions to the IAEA technical cooperation programme helped to finance projects to support the safety of Ukrainian nuclear facilities and the development of nuclear medicine techniques in Africa and the Middle East. In 2023, France’s extra-budgetary contribution rose to 7 million euros and to 6 million in 2024. France contributed over 15,710,000 euros to the regular budget of the AIEA in 2025 and around 4,072,000 euros to the Technical Cooperation Fund. In 2025, France was the sixth largest contributor to the Agency’s regular budget.

    It continued to host trainees and visiting scientists in its civilian nuclear research centres

    Sources

    National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2

    Working paper submitted by France. France’s support for the International Atomic Energy Agency. NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/WP.11. 5 March 2025. https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/n25/060/12/pdf/n2506012.pdf#:~:text=France%20is%20one%20of%20the,Technical%20Cooperation%20Fund%20in%202025.

  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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  • What has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?

    What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?

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